Exercise and Acute Stress-Induced Changes in Direct and Indirect Pathway c-fos Expression: A Role for Adenosine

...................................................................................................................................................3 Introduction.............................................................................................................................................4 Fig. 1 The Functional Anatomy of Striatal Medium Spiny Neurons .................................................... 5 Materials and Methods.........................................................................................................................8 Animals........................................................................................................................................................................... 8 Uncontrollable Tail Shock Stress Protocol ..................................................................................................... 8 Tissue Preparation.................................................................................................................................................... 8 Radioactive in situ Hybridization....................................................................................................................... 9 Double Label Fluorescent in situ Hybridization........................................................................................... 9 Image Analysis for Radioactive in situ Hybridization .............................................................................10 Image Analysis for Double Label Fluorescent in situ Hybridization .................................................11 Statistical Analysis ..................................................................................................................................................11 Results .................................................................................................................................................... 12 Wheel running (Fig. 2) ..........................................................................................................................................12 A1R and A2aR Gene Expression (Fig. 3) ..........................................................................................................12 D1R and D2R Gene Expression (Fig. 4) ..........................................................................................................13 Plasma Corticosterone Levels (Fig. 5) ............................................................................................................15 Activation of Dynorphin Neurons in the Dorsal Striatum Following Acute Stress (Fig. 6) .....15 Activation of Enkephalin Neurons in the Dorsal Striatum Following Acute Stress (Fig. 7) ...16 Discussion.............................................................................................................................................. 19 Fig. 8 Habenular and Traditional Striatal Circuitry ................................................................................22 Acknowledgements ............................................................................................................................ 24 References............................................................................................................................................. 25